Monday, September 29, 2008
America as a cultureless society
Is America still a nation without the luxury of a sophisticated culture? This has always been a somewhat controversial line of thought that has existed since America’s creation. It’s based purely on the idea that we as a culture have as of yet not been able to find our sense of identity. Instead, certain factors have led us to become a society that is immersed in mass production and media. The classic perception of an America that is a cultureless society is strongly expressed in Umberto Eco’s Travels in Hyperreality. He specifically attacks the unoriginal and somewhat outlandish art that existed in wax museums in the 1970’s. Because there was no real history to draw upon for inspiration, it was foolishly believed that imitation was the only viable option for artists to explore. Imitation of largely European mediums, forms, and previous art works became the most popular American form of art. Unfortunately in their desperate attempts to reach new heights artist were bent on falsifying already legendary works of art. Unlike the modest wax museums of Europe, their American counterparts were bizarre. Eco keyed on the point that the attention to detail was only delaying the double reality that America still had no real art history and that reproduction was slowly becoming part of that stigma.
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Umberto Eco was a great proponent of the conservation of art, its cult value 'aura.' As with the wax museums mentioned, suddenly the exhibition value of a work or piece was much more valuble than its cult or ritual value. These ideas of 'value' and 'aura' are from Walter Benjamin's "The Age of Mechanical Reproduction." He touches on the change of perspective of a society that goes hand in hand with the change of art's function. The reason for the rise of reproduction in art was because of its parallel influence in society. Technology has played a huge role in the Reproducibilty of Art. The allowance of more varied forms of expression are a result of variance in culture. Andy Warhol especially expanded the idea that mass reproduction, seen only in industry, could express an artist's 'creative' vision. His stylized, easily reproducible Pop Art was the greatest step towards replication as art and away from conventional gallery art.
"Umberto Eco Biography." Biography. 6 Oct 2008 http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9283932
"Walter Benjamin." European Graduate School. 6 Oct 2008 http://www.egs.edu/resources/benjamin.html.
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